Milestones: Basic Facts Multiplication & Division

For your classroom

Getting started

Check the ACARA website for the most up-to-date Curriculum, as well as your state curriculum if needed.

Recent Changes

Version: 1.1 | Updated October 29 2019 | updated Arrays Game Milestones Edition. Please redownload.
Version: 1.0 | Updated October 23 2019 | First release

Basic Facts: Multiplication & Division Milestones Sheet

The Milestones provide a default position for schools to adopt a whole school approach for the development of properties and mental strategies associated with basic facts.

Even if you don’t adopt the Milestones steps, you can make use of the linked materials.

The Multiplication and Division Milestones have been designed such that the students learn the tables from easiest to hardest. Along the way on the easier tables they will pick up most of the harder tables “for free”, reducing the load later on.

Year 2

Year 2 Prerequisites

Yr 2 ACMNA031: Recognise and represent multiplication as repeated addition, groups and arrays.

Yr 2 ACMNA032: Recognise and represent division as grouping into equal sets and solve simple problems using these representations.

Also Revisit:
– Groups
– Commutative Property of Multiplication
– Arrays
– Repeated Addition

Relevant Games

Dr Paul Swan Relevant Books & Downloadable Resources

Free Downloads

  • Double Dominoes 6
  • Double Dominoes 9

Year 3

Year 3 Prerequisites

Yr 3 ACMNA056: Recall multiplication facts of two, three, five and ten and related division facts.

Relevant Materials

Dr Paul Swan Relevant Books & Downloadable Resources

Books

Dice Dilemmas: Mary’s Game

Basic Facts Flash Cards

Multiplication Properties

ColourCube

Multiplication Property of Zero

ColourCube

Multiplication Property of One

ColourCube

Commutative Property of Multiplication

Any number multiplied by zero is zero. This can be illustrated through arrays. It is impossible to draw an array n x 0 or 0 x n.
This pattern needs to be made explicit.

Any number multiplied by one is itself (n x 1 = n).
This pattern needs to be made explicit.

Numbers may be multiplied in any order without affecting the product.

Relevant Materials

Dr Paul Swan Relevant Books & Downloadable Resources

Books

Tackling Tables pp. 10,11

Free Downloads

 

x2 Facts

Link the doubles addition facts learned in Year 2 to the x2 facts.
Introduce vocabulary such as double.

Teaching Tools:
Joining two sets of Unifix cubes of different colours will help make the links.

Dr Paul Swan Relevant Books & Downloadable Resources

Books

Tackling Tables pp. 39

Free Downloads

  • Double Up
  • Arrays Games

x10 Facts

Pattern: End digit is zero. Double the fives facts.

Relevant Materials

Dr Paul Swan Relevant Books & Downloadable Resources

Books

Tackling Tables pp. 24, 25

Free Downloads

  • Arrays Game Milestones

x5 Facts

Pattern: End digit is zero or five. Half the tens facts.

Dr Paul Swan Relevant Books & Downloadable Resources

Books

Tackling Tables pp. 42

Free Downloads

  • Arrays Games Milestones

x3 Facts

Use known facts to derive new facts
e.g.
Use 6 x 2 = 12 to work out 6 x 3.
6 x 3 = (6 x 2) + 6.

Dr Paul Swan Relevant Books & Downloadable Resources

Books

Tackling Tables pp. 40

Free Downloads

  • Arrays Game Milestones

Year 4

Year 4 Prerequisites

Review facts learned in Year 3:
Multiplication Property of Zero (x0) facts,
Multiplication Property of One (x1) facts,
Commutative Property of Multiplication (2 x 3 = 3 x 2),
x2 facts,
x10 facts,
x5 facts
x3 facts

By the end of Yr 4: ACMNA075: Recall multiplication facts up to 10 × 10 and related division facts.
The grid shows the remaining facts to be learned.



Relevant Materials

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Dr Paul Swan Relevant Books & Downloadable Resources

Free Downloads

  • Arrays Games

x9 Facts

Show the pattern on a Number Grid.
Relate to 10 facts: e.g. 3 x 9 = (3 x 10) – 3

Dr Paul Swan Relevant Books & Downloadable Resources

Books

Tackling Tables pp. 46

Free Downloads

  • Arrays Games

Doubling

x 4 facts are double x 2 facts, Similarly, x8 is Double x4

Dr Paul Swan Relevant Books & Downloadable Resources

Books

Tackling Tables pp. 16

Dice Games for Tables (Entire book)

Free Downloads

  • Double Up
  • Double Double Up
  • Double Double Double Up

x4 Facts

Revise the 2x facts.
Link x 2 facts to x 4 facts.
(Doubling Strategy)

Dr Paul Swan Relevant Books & Downloadable Resources

Books

Tackling Tables (pp. 41)

Dice Games for Tables (pp. 17-24)

Free Downloads

  • Arrays Games Milestones
  • Double Up
  • Double Double Up

x8 Facts

Link x 4 facts to x 8 facts. (Doubling Strategy)
or
Link x 2 facts to x 8 facts using double-double strategy.

Dr Paul Swan Relevant Books & Downloadable Resources

Books

Tackling Tables (pp. 45)

Dice Games for Tables (pp. 25-28)

Free Downloads

  • Arrays Games Milestones
  • Double Up

x6 Facts

Link x 3 facts to x 6 facts.
(Doubling Strategy).

Dr Paul Swan Relevant Books & Downloadable Resources

Books

Tackling Tables (pp. 43)

Dice Games for Tables (pp. 29-33)

Free Downloads

Arrays Game Milestones

x7 Facts

Last fact to learn (7 x 7).

This is a natural opportunity to point out the square numbers already learned (square numbers are covered in year 6).

Dr Paul Swan Relevant Books & Downloadable Resources

Books

Tackling Tables (pp. 44)

Free Downloads

  • Arrays Game Milestones

Division Facts

Relate division to multiplication. e.g. show that: 4 x 3 = 12, 3 x 4 = 12
12 ÷ 3 = 4, 12 ÷ 4 = 3

Dr Paul Swan Relevant Books & Downloadable Resources

Books

Tackling Tables (pp. 44)

Check the Clues 2 ( )

Pocket Dice Book B (Diviso Game )

Pocket Dice Book C ( )

Dice Dazzlers ( )

Games

Mining Boom

Race Car Rally

Multispin (Multiplication 2-9)

Spindiv (Division 2-9)

Division Decision

Free Downloads

  • Arrays Game Milestones

Halving

Relate back to doubling

Divide by 4: halve and halve again (÷2, ÷ 2).
Divide by 8: halve, halve and halve again (÷ 2, ÷ 2, ÷ 2).

Dr Paul Swan Relevant Books & Downloadable Resources

Books

Tackling Tables pp. 16

Dice Games for Tables (Entire book)

Free Downloads

  • Double Up
  • Double Double Up
  • Double Double Double Up

Multiplication Facts Consolidation

Dr Paul Swan Relevant Books & Downloadable Resources

Free Downloads

  • Arrays Games Milestones

Year 5

Continued Practise of Multiplication and Division Facts

Start of Year 5: An opportunity to review all basic multiplication and division facts to maintain recall

Yr 5 ACMNA098: Identify and describe factors and multiples of whole numbers and use them to solve problems.
Factors and Multiples.
Apply Simple Divisibility Tests.

Yr 5 ACMNA101: Solve problems involving division by a one digit number, …
Review all basic division facts.

Factors
For example,18 not just linked to one fact of 6×3 but has factors of 1, 2, 3, 6, 9 and 18.

Dr Paul Swan Relevant Books & Downloadable Resources

Pocket Dice Book C

  • Diviso Remainder pp.22-24

Games

Mining Boom

Race Car Rally

Multispin (Multiplication 2-9)

Spindiv (Division 2-9)

Division Decision

Free Downloads

Arrays Games Milestones

Year 6

Fraction of a Quantity

Yr 6 ACMNA127: Find a simple fraction of a quantity where the result is a whole number …
Link to known multiplication and division facts.

3 x 4 = 12
4 x 3 = 12
12 ÷ 4 = 3
12 ÷ 3 = 4
1/3 of 12 = 4
1/4 of 12 = 3

 

Dr Paul Swan Relevant Books & Downloadable Resources

Books

Pocket Dice Book C

  • Fraction Of (pp.39-43)

Developing a Conceptual Understanding of Fractions

  • pp. 62-72

Free Downloads

Fraction of a Quantity Games:

  • Halving Games Set
  • One Tenth Games Set
  • One Eighth Games Set